Minimally-invasive techniques refer to medical procedures and surgeries that are performed through small incisions or natural body openings instead of larger, more invasive incisions. These techniques often involve the use of advanced technology such as laparoscopic instruments, cameras, and robotics to perform surgeries with greater precision and less trauma to the body. Minimally-invasive techniques are commonly used in a variety of medical specialties, including surgery, cardiology, gastroenterology, and gynecology. These techniques can result in shorter recovery times, reduced pain and scarring, and lower risk of complications compared to traditional open surgeries. Examples of minimally-invasive procedures include laparoscopic surgery, endoscopic procedures, robotic surgery, and catheter-based interventions. These techniques have revolutionized the field of medicine and have provided patients with safer and more effective treatment options for a wide range of medical conditions.